HSEB NOTES ON MAGNETIC FIELD AND FORCE ON CONDUCTOR
CLASS 11 AND 12
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Orested’s Discovery : A magnetic needle gets deflected when a current carrying conductor is place over it. It shows that when current flows in a conductor magnetic field is produced around it. This effect was discovered by Orested in 1820. Lines of forces around a long vertical current carrying conductor are concentric circles with the conductor at center.
Direction of current and field :The direction of the lines of magnetic field produced by current is given by following rules: Maxwell’s Corkscrew Rule: If we imagine ourselves driving a corkscrew in the direction of the current, then the direction of rotation of corkscrew is the direction of the line so force.Right hand thumb rule: If the conductor is grasped by right hand with the thumb pointing in the direction of current, then grasping fingers point in the direction of magnetic lines of force. So, the direction of magnetic field at any point is normal to line going conductor and point and lies in the plane normal to the current. These rules show that :
- If current points vertically upward from the plane of paper the lines of force are in anti clock wise sense and
- If points inward then the lines of force are in clock wise sense
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